// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: © 2021 Matthias Andreas Benkard <code@mail.matthias.benkard.de>
//
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.3-or-later

= Quarkus Google Cloud JSON Logging
Matthias Andreas Benkard
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:description: Quarkus Google Cloud JSON Logging Manual
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Structured logging to standard output according to the Google Cloud
Logging specification.


== Summary

This package contains a log formatter for JBoss Logging in the form of
a Quarkus plugin that implements the
https://cloud.google.com/logging/docs/structured-logging[Google Cloud
Logging JSON format] on standard output.

It is possible to log unstructured text, structured data, or a mixture
of both depending on the situation.


== Activation (Quarkus)

Add the runtime POM to your dependency list. As long as the JAR is on
the classpath at both build time and runtime, the log formatter
automatically registers itself on startup.

If you are using Maven:

[source,xml]
----
<dependencies>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging</artifactId>
    <version>6.1.0</version>
  </dependency>

</dependencies>
----

If you are using Gradle:

[source,groovy]
----
dependencies {
  implementation("eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging:quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging:6.1.0")
}
----

By default the extension is turned on.  You can turn the extension on
or off explicitly by configuring the `quarkus.log.console.google` key
in `application.properties`:

[source,properties]
----
quarkus.log.console.google = true
----


== Activation (Other Frameworks)

If you are not using Quarkus, you can still make use of the `-core`
module and wire it into your application in a custom way.  Read this
section for hints on how to do so.


=== Installation

If you are using Maven:

[source,xml]
----
<dependencies>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core</artifactId>
    <version>6.1.0</version>
  </dependency>

</dependencies>
----

If you are using Gradle:

[source,groovy]
----
dependencies {
  implementation("eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging:quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core:6.1.0")
}
----


=== Wiring (java.util.logging)

This section explains how to use JBoss Log Manager as the log manager
for `java.util.logging` and how to configure it to use the log
formatter provided by this library.

Add a dependency on JBoss Log Manager and the `-core` module to your
project.

If you are using Maven:

[source,xml]
----
<dependencies>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core</artifactId>
    <version>6.1.0</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.jboss.logmanager</groupId>
    <artifactId>jboss-logmanager</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.2.Final</version>
  </dependency>

</dependencies>
----

If you are using Gradle:

[source,groovy]
----
dependencies {
  implementation("eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging:quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core:6.1.0")
  implementation("org.jboss.logmanager:jboss-logmanager:3.0.2.Final")
}
----

Create a text file called `org.jboss.logmanager.ConfiguratorFactory`
in your `resources/META-INF/services/` directory and put the fully
qualified name of this library's `DefaultConfiguratorFactory` into it:

[source]
----
eu.mulk.quarkus.googlecloud.jsonlogging.logmanager.DefaultConfiguratorFactory
----

Finally, set the `java.util.logging.manager` system property to
`org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager` when running your application:

[source,shell]
----
$ java -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager ...
----


=== Wiring (Spring Boot)

If you are using Spring Boot, the easiest way to integrate the log
formatter is by relying on `spring-boot-starter-logging` (which is
pulled in by `spring-boot-starter`), excluding Logback, and pulling in
JBoss Log Manager as the back end for SLF4J.  In addition, configure
JBoss Log Manager as the log manager for `java.util.logging` by
setting the `java.util.logging.manager` system property to
`org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager`.

If you are using Maven:

[source,xml]
----
<project>

  <dependencies>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging</groupId>
      <artifactId>quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core</artifactId>
      <version>6.1.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.jboss.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-jboss-logmanager</artifactId>
      <version>2.0.1.Final</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.jboss.logmanager</groupId>
      <artifactId>jboss-logmanager</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.2.Final</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.jboss.logmanager</groupId>
      <artifactId>jboss-logmanager-embedded</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.0.Final</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
      <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
          <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <plugins>

      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
        <configuration>
          <systemPropertyVariables>
            <java.util.logging.manager>org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager</java.util.logging.manager>
          </systemPropertyVariables>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>

    </plugins>
  </build>

</project>
----

If you are using Gradle:

[source,groovy]
----
configurations {
    all*.exclude(group: "ch.qos.logback", module: "logback-classic")
}

dependencies {
  implementation("eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging:quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core:6.1.0")
  implementation("org.jboss.logmanager:jboss-logmanager:3.0.2.Final")
  implementation("org.jboss.logmanager:jboss-logmanager-embedded:1.2.0.Final")
  implementation("org.jboss.slf4j:slf4j-jboss-logmanager:2.0.1.Final")
}

tasks.named("bootRun") {
  systemProperty("java.util.logging.manager", "org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager")
}
----

Create a text file called `org.jboss.logmanager.ConfiguratorFactory`
in your `resources/META-INF/services/` directory and put the fully
qualified name of this library's `DefaultConfiguratorFactory` into it:

[source]
----
eu.mulk.quarkus.googlecloud.jsonlogging.logmanager.DefaultConfiguratorFactory
----

Because Spring Boot configures the system logger with a minimum log
level of `SEVERE` by default, you may also want to configure the
logger using a `logging.properties` file.  To do so, first add an
entry to `application.properties` that points to the file:

[source,properties]
----
logging.config = classpath:logging.properties
----

Create the `logging.properties` file in your `resources` directory and
set the root logger level to something other than `SEVERE`:

[source,properties]
----
logger.level = INFO
----

Finally, add a `static` block to your Spring Boot application class
that disables the Tomcat URL stream handler factory, which conflicts
with the URL stream handler factory registered by the JBoss Modules
library:

[source,java]
----
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

  static {
    TomcatURLStreamHandlerFactory.disable();
  }

  // ...
}
----

== Usage

Logging unstructured data requires no code changes. All logs are
automatically converted to Google-Cloud-Logging-compatible JSON.

Structured data can be logged in one of 3 different ways: by passing
https://javadocs.dev/eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging/quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core/6.1.0/eu.mulk.quarkus.googlecloud.jsonlogging.core/eu/mulk/quarkus/googlecloud/jsonlogging/Label.html[Label]s
and
https://javadocs.dev/eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging/quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core/6.1.0/eu.mulk.quarkus.googlecloud.jsonlogging.core/eu/mulk/quarkus/googlecloud/jsonlogging/StructuredParameter.html[StructuredParameter]s
as parameters to individual log entries, by supplying
https://javadocs.dev/eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging/quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core/6.1.0/eu.mulk.quarkus.googlecloud.jsonlogging.core/eu/mulk/quarkus/googlecloud/jsonlogging/LabelProvider.html[LabelProvider]s
and
https://javadocs.dev/eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging/quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core/6.1.0/eu.mulk.quarkus.googlecloud.jsonlogging.core/eu/mulk/quarkus/googlecloud/jsonlogging/StructuredParameterProvider.html[StructuredParameterProvider]s,
or by using the Mapped Diagnostic Context.


=== Using Label and StructuredParameter

Instances of
https://javadocs.dev/eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging/quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core/6.1.0/eu.mulk.quarkus.googlecloud.jsonlogging.core/eu/mulk/quarkus/googlecloud/jsonlogging/Label.html[Label]
and
https://javadocs.dev/eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging/quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core/6.1.0/eu.mulk.quarkus.googlecloud.jsonlogging.core/eu/mulk/quarkus/googlecloud/jsonlogging/StructuredParameter.html[StructuredParameter]
can be passed as log parameters to the `*f` family of logging
functions on JBoss Logging's
https://docs.jboss.org/jbosslogging/latest/org/jboss/logging/Logger.html[Logger].

Simple key–value pairs are represented by
https://javadocs.dev/eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging/quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core/6.1.0/eu.mulk.quarkus.googlecloud.jsonlogging.core/eu/mulk/quarkus/googlecloud/jsonlogging/KeyValueParameter.html[KeyValueParameter].

**Example:**

[source,java]
----
logger.logf(
  "Request rejected: unauthorized.",
  Label.of("requestId", "123"),
  KeyValueParameter.of("resource", "/users/mulk"),
  KeyValueParameter.of("method", "PATCH"),
  KeyValueParameter.of("reason", "invalid token"));
----

Result:

[source,json]
----
{
  "jsonPayload": {
    "message": "Request rejected: unauthorized.",
    "resource": "/users/mulk",
    "method": "PATCH",
    "reason": "invalid token"
  },
  "labels": {
    "requestId": "123"
  }
}
----


=== Using LabelProvider and StructuredParameterProvider

Any CDI beans that implement
https://javadocs.dev/eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging/quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core/6.1.0/eu.mulk.quarkus.googlecloud.jsonlogging.core/eu/mulk/quarkus/googlecloud/jsonlogging/LabelProvider.html[LabelProvider]
and
https://javadocs.dev/eu.mulk.quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging/quarkus-googlecloud-jsonlogging-core/6.1.0/eu.mulk.quarkus.googlecloud.jsonlogging.core/eu/mulk/quarkus/googlecloud/jsonlogging/StructuredParameterProvider.html[StructuredParameterProvider]
are discovered at build time and consulted to provide labels and
parameters for each message that is logged.  This can be used to
provide contextual information such as tracing and request IDs stored
in thread-local storage.

Alternatively, you can also register providers through the Java
https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/docs/api/java.base/java/util/ServiceLoader.html[ServiceLoader]
mechanism.

**Example:**

[source,java]
----
@Singleton
@Unremovable
public final class TraceLogParameterProvider implements StructuredParameterProvider, LabelProvider {

  @Override
  public StructuredParameter getParameter() {
    var b = Json.createObjectBuilder();
    b.add("traceId", Span.current().getSpanContext().getTraceId());
    b.add("spanId", Span.current().getSpanContext().getSpanId());
    return () -> b;
  }

  @Override
  public Collection<Label> getLabels() {
    return List.of(Label.of("requestId", "123"));
  }
}
----

Result:

[source,json]
----
{
  "jsonPayload": {
    "message": "Request rejected: unauthorized.",
    "traceId": "39f9a49a9567a8bd7087b708f8932550",
    "spanId": "c7431b14630b633d"
  },
  "labels": {
    "requestId": "123"
  }
}
----


=== Using the Mapped Diagnostic Context

Any key–value pairs in JBoss Logging's thread-local
https://docs.jboss.org/jbosslogging/latest/org/jboss/logging/MDC.html[MDC]
are added to the resulting JSON.

**Example:**

[source,java]
----
MDC.put("resource", "/users/mulk");
MDC.put("method", "PATCH");
logger.logf("Request rejected: unauthorized.");
----

Result:

[source,json]
----
{
  "jsonPayload": {
    "message": "Request rejected: unauthorized.",
    "resource": "/users/mulk",
    "method": "PATCH"
  }
}
----