git subrepo clone (merge) https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/metrics-server.git metrics-server

subrepo:
  subdir:   "metrics-server"
  merged:   "92d8412"
upstream:
  origin:   "https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/metrics-server.git"
  branch:   "master"
  commit:   "92d8412"
git-subrepo:
  version:  "0.4.0"
  origin:   "???"
  commit:   "???"
diff --git a/metrics-server/vendor/google.golang.org/grpc/clientconn.go b/metrics-server/vendor/google.golang.org/grpc/clientconn.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..84ba9e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/metrics-server/vendor/google.golang.org/grpc/clientconn.go
@@ -0,0 +1,1602 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014 gRPC authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ */
+
+package grpc
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"net"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"golang.org/x/net/context"
+	"golang.org/x/net/trace"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/balancer"
+	_ "google.golang.org/grpc/balancer/roundrobin" // To register roundrobin.
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/connectivity"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/grpclog"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/internal"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/internal/backoff"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/internal/channelz"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/keepalive"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/resolver"
+	_ "google.golang.org/grpc/resolver/dns"         // To register dns resolver.
+	_ "google.golang.org/grpc/resolver/passthrough" // To register passthrough resolver.
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/stats"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/transport"
+)
+
+const (
+	// minimum time to give a connection to complete
+	minConnectTimeout = 20 * time.Second
+	// must match grpclbName in grpclb/grpclb.go
+	grpclbName = "grpclb"
+)
+
+var (
+	// ErrClientConnClosing indicates that the operation is illegal because
+	// the ClientConn is closing.
+	//
+	// Deprecated: this error should not be relied upon by users; use the status
+	// code of Canceled instead.
+	ErrClientConnClosing = status.Error(codes.Canceled, "grpc: the client connection is closing")
+	// errConnDrain indicates that the connection starts to be drained and does not accept any new RPCs.
+	errConnDrain = errors.New("grpc: the connection is drained")
+	// errConnClosing indicates that the connection is closing.
+	errConnClosing = errors.New("grpc: the connection is closing")
+	// errConnUnavailable indicates that the connection is unavailable.
+	errConnUnavailable = errors.New("grpc: the connection is unavailable")
+	// errBalancerClosed indicates that the balancer is closed.
+	errBalancerClosed = errors.New("grpc: balancer is closed")
+	// We use an accessor so that minConnectTimeout can be
+	// atomically read and updated while testing.
+	getMinConnectTimeout = func() time.Duration {
+		return minConnectTimeout
+	}
+)
+
+// The following errors are returned from Dial and DialContext
+var (
+	// errNoTransportSecurity indicates that there is no transport security
+	// being set for ClientConn. Users should either set one or explicitly
+	// call WithInsecure DialOption to disable security.
+	errNoTransportSecurity = errors.New("grpc: no transport security set (use grpc.WithInsecure() explicitly or set credentials)")
+	// errTransportCredentialsMissing indicates that users want to transmit security
+	// information (e.g., oauth2 token) which requires secure connection on an insecure
+	// connection.
+	errTransportCredentialsMissing = errors.New("grpc: the credentials require transport level security (use grpc.WithTransportCredentials() to set)")
+	// errCredentialsConflict indicates that grpc.WithTransportCredentials()
+	// and grpc.WithInsecure() are both called for a connection.
+	errCredentialsConflict = errors.New("grpc: transport credentials are set for an insecure connection (grpc.WithTransportCredentials() and grpc.WithInsecure() are both called)")
+	// errNetworkIO indicates that the connection is down due to some network I/O error.
+	errNetworkIO = errors.New("grpc: failed with network I/O error")
+)
+
+// dialOptions configure a Dial call. dialOptions are set by the DialOption
+// values passed to Dial.
+type dialOptions struct {
+	unaryInt    UnaryClientInterceptor
+	streamInt   StreamClientInterceptor
+	cp          Compressor
+	dc          Decompressor
+	bs          backoff.Strategy
+	block       bool
+	insecure    bool
+	timeout     time.Duration
+	scChan      <-chan ServiceConfig
+	copts       transport.ConnectOptions
+	callOptions []CallOption
+	// This is used by v1 balancer dial option WithBalancer to support v1
+	// balancer, and also by WithBalancerName dial option.
+	balancerBuilder balancer.Builder
+	// This is to support grpclb.
+	resolverBuilder      resolver.Builder
+	waitForHandshake     bool
+	channelzParentID     int64
+	disableServiceConfig bool
+}
+
+const (
+	defaultClientMaxReceiveMessageSize = 1024 * 1024 * 4
+	defaultClientMaxSendMessageSize    = math.MaxInt32
+)
+
+// RegisterChannelz turns on channelz service.
+// This is an EXPERIMENTAL API.
+func RegisterChannelz() {
+	channelz.TurnOn()
+}
+
+// DialOption configures how we set up the connection.
+type DialOption func(*dialOptions)
+
+// WithWaitForHandshake blocks until the initial settings frame is received from the
+// server before assigning RPCs to the connection.
+// Experimental API.
+func WithWaitForHandshake() DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.waitForHandshake = true
+	}
+}
+
+// WithWriteBufferSize lets you set the size of write buffer, this determines how much data can be batched
+// before doing a write on the wire.
+func WithWriteBufferSize(s int) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.copts.WriteBufferSize = s
+	}
+}
+
+// WithReadBufferSize lets you set the size of read buffer, this determines how much data can be read at most
+// for each read syscall.
+func WithReadBufferSize(s int) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.copts.ReadBufferSize = s
+	}
+}
+
+// WithInitialWindowSize returns a DialOption which sets the value for initial window size on a stream.
+// The lower bound for window size is 64K and any value smaller than that will be ignored.
+func WithInitialWindowSize(s int32) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.copts.InitialWindowSize = s
+	}
+}
+
+// WithInitialConnWindowSize returns a DialOption which sets the value for initial window size on a connection.
+// The lower bound for window size is 64K and any value smaller than that will be ignored.
+func WithInitialConnWindowSize(s int32) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.copts.InitialConnWindowSize = s
+	}
+}
+
+// WithMaxMsgSize returns a DialOption which sets the maximum message size the client can receive.
+//
+// Deprecated: use WithDefaultCallOptions(MaxCallRecvMsgSize(s)) instead.
+func WithMaxMsgSize(s int) DialOption {
+	return WithDefaultCallOptions(MaxCallRecvMsgSize(s))
+}
+
+// WithDefaultCallOptions returns a DialOption which sets the default CallOptions for calls over the connection.
+func WithDefaultCallOptions(cos ...CallOption) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.callOptions = append(o.callOptions, cos...)
+	}
+}
+
+// WithCodec returns a DialOption which sets a codec for message marshaling and unmarshaling.
+//
+// Deprecated: use WithDefaultCallOptions(CallCustomCodec(c)) instead.
+func WithCodec(c Codec) DialOption {
+	return WithDefaultCallOptions(CallCustomCodec(c))
+}
+
+// WithCompressor returns a DialOption which sets a Compressor to use for
+// message compression. It has lower priority than the compressor set by
+// the UseCompressor CallOption.
+//
+// Deprecated: use UseCompressor instead.
+func WithCompressor(cp Compressor) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.cp = cp
+	}
+}
+
+// WithDecompressor returns a DialOption which sets a Decompressor to use for
+// incoming message decompression.  If incoming response messages are encoded
+// using the decompressor's Type(), it will be used.  Otherwise, the message
+// encoding will be used to look up the compressor registered via
+// encoding.RegisterCompressor, which will then be used to decompress the
+// message.  If no compressor is registered for the encoding, an Unimplemented
+// status error will be returned.
+//
+// Deprecated: use encoding.RegisterCompressor instead.
+func WithDecompressor(dc Decompressor) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.dc = dc
+	}
+}
+
+// WithBalancer returns a DialOption which sets a load balancer with the v1 API.
+// Name resolver will be ignored if this DialOption is specified.
+//
+// Deprecated: use the new balancer APIs in balancer package and WithBalancerName.
+func WithBalancer(b Balancer) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.balancerBuilder = &balancerWrapperBuilder{
+			b: b,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// WithBalancerName sets the balancer that the ClientConn will be initialized
+// with. Balancer registered with balancerName will be used. This function
+// panics if no balancer was registered by balancerName.
+//
+// The balancer cannot be overridden by balancer option specified by service
+// config.
+//
+// This is an EXPERIMENTAL API.
+func WithBalancerName(balancerName string) DialOption {
+	builder := balancer.Get(balancerName)
+	if builder == nil {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("grpc.WithBalancerName: no balancer is registered for name %v", balancerName))
+	}
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.balancerBuilder = builder
+	}
+}
+
+// withResolverBuilder is only for grpclb.
+func withResolverBuilder(b resolver.Builder) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.resolverBuilder = b
+	}
+}
+
+// WithServiceConfig returns a DialOption which has a channel to read the service configuration.
+//
+// Deprecated: service config should be received through name resolver, as specified here.
+// https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/doc/service_config.md
+func WithServiceConfig(c <-chan ServiceConfig) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.scChan = c
+	}
+}
+
+// WithBackoffMaxDelay configures the dialer to use the provided maximum delay
+// when backing off after failed connection attempts.
+func WithBackoffMaxDelay(md time.Duration) DialOption {
+	return WithBackoffConfig(BackoffConfig{MaxDelay: md})
+}
+
+// WithBackoffConfig configures the dialer to use the provided backoff
+// parameters after connection failures.
+//
+// Use WithBackoffMaxDelay until more parameters on BackoffConfig are opened up
+// for use.
+func WithBackoffConfig(b BackoffConfig) DialOption {
+
+	return withBackoff(backoff.Exponential{
+		MaxDelay: b.MaxDelay,
+	})
+}
+
+// withBackoff sets the backoff strategy used for connectRetryNum after a
+// failed connection attempt.
+//
+// This can be exported if arbitrary backoff strategies are allowed by gRPC.
+func withBackoff(bs backoff.Strategy) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.bs = bs
+	}
+}
+
+// WithBlock returns a DialOption which makes caller of Dial blocks until the underlying
+// connection is up. Without this, Dial returns immediately and connecting the server
+// happens in background.
+func WithBlock() DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.block = true
+	}
+}
+
+// WithInsecure returns a DialOption which disables transport security for this ClientConn.
+// Note that transport security is required unless WithInsecure is set.
+func WithInsecure() DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.insecure = true
+	}
+}
+
+// WithTransportCredentials returns a DialOption which configures a
+// connection level security credentials (e.g., TLS/SSL).
+func WithTransportCredentials(creds credentials.TransportCredentials) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.copts.TransportCredentials = creds
+	}
+}
+
+// WithPerRPCCredentials returns a DialOption which sets
+// credentials and places auth state on each outbound RPC.
+func WithPerRPCCredentials(creds credentials.PerRPCCredentials) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.copts.PerRPCCredentials = append(o.copts.PerRPCCredentials, creds)
+	}
+}
+
+// WithTimeout returns a DialOption that configures a timeout for dialing a ClientConn
+// initially. This is valid if and only if WithBlock() is present.
+//
+// Deprecated: use DialContext and context.WithTimeout instead.
+func WithTimeout(d time.Duration) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.timeout = d
+	}
+}
+
+func withContextDialer(f func(context.Context, string) (net.Conn, error)) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.copts.Dialer = f
+	}
+}
+
+func init() {
+	internal.WithContextDialer = withContextDialer
+	internal.WithResolverBuilder = withResolverBuilder
+}
+
+// WithDialer returns a DialOption that specifies a function to use for dialing network addresses.
+// If FailOnNonTempDialError() is set to true, and an error is returned by f, gRPC checks the error's
+// Temporary() method to decide if it should try to reconnect to the network address.
+func WithDialer(f func(string, time.Duration) (net.Conn, error)) DialOption {
+	return withContextDialer(
+		func(ctx context.Context, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			if deadline, ok := ctx.Deadline(); ok {
+				return f(addr, deadline.Sub(time.Now()))
+			}
+			return f(addr, 0)
+		})
+}
+
+// WithStatsHandler returns a DialOption that specifies the stats handler
+// for all the RPCs and underlying network connections in this ClientConn.
+func WithStatsHandler(h stats.Handler) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.copts.StatsHandler = h
+	}
+}
+
+// FailOnNonTempDialError returns a DialOption that specifies if gRPC fails on non-temporary dial errors.
+// If f is true, and dialer returns a non-temporary error, gRPC will fail the connection to the network
+// address and won't try to reconnect.
+// The default value of FailOnNonTempDialError is false.
+// This is an EXPERIMENTAL API.
+func FailOnNonTempDialError(f bool) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.copts.FailOnNonTempDialError = f
+	}
+}
+
+// WithUserAgent returns a DialOption that specifies a user agent string for all the RPCs.
+func WithUserAgent(s string) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.copts.UserAgent = s
+	}
+}
+
+// WithKeepaliveParams returns a DialOption that specifies keepalive parameters for the client transport.
+func WithKeepaliveParams(kp keepalive.ClientParameters) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.copts.KeepaliveParams = kp
+	}
+}
+
+// WithUnaryInterceptor returns a DialOption that specifies the interceptor for unary RPCs.
+func WithUnaryInterceptor(f UnaryClientInterceptor) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.unaryInt = f
+	}
+}
+
+// WithStreamInterceptor returns a DialOption that specifies the interceptor for streaming RPCs.
+func WithStreamInterceptor(f StreamClientInterceptor) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.streamInt = f
+	}
+}
+
+// WithAuthority returns a DialOption that specifies the value to be used as
+// the :authority pseudo-header. This value only works with WithInsecure and
+// has no effect if TransportCredentials are present.
+func WithAuthority(a string) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.copts.Authority = a
+	}
+}
+
+// WithChannelzParentID returns a DialOption that specifies the channelz ID of current ClientConn's
+// parent. This function is used in nested channel creation (e.g. grpclb dial).
+func WithChannelzParentID(id int64) DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.channelzParentID = id
+	}
+}
+
+// WithDisableServiceConfig returns a DialOption that causes grpc to ignore any
+// service config provided by the resolver and provides a hint to the resolver
+// to not fetch service configs.
+func WithDisableServiceConfig() DialOption {
+	return func(o *dialOptions) {
+		o.disableServiceConfig = true
+	}
+}
+
+// Dial creates a client connection to the given target.
+func Dial(target string, opts ...DialOption) (*ClientConn, error) {
+	return DialContext(context.Background(), target, opts...)
+}
+
+// DialContext creates a client connection to the given target. By default, it's
+// a non-blocking dial (the function won't wait for connections to be
+// established, and connecting happens in the background). To make it a blocking
+// dial, use WithBlock() dial option.
+//
+// In the non-blocking case, the ctx does not act against the connection. It
+// only controls the setup steps.
+//
+// In the blocking case, ctx can be used to cancel or expire the pending
+// connection. Once this function returns, the cancellation and expiration of
+// ctx will be noop. Users should call ClientConn.Close to terminate all the
+// pending operations after this function returns.
+//
+// The target name syntax is defined in
+// https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/doc/naming.md.
+// e.g. to use dns resolver, a "dns:///" prefix should be applied to the target.
+func DialContext(ctx context.Context, target string, opts ...DialOption) (conn *ClientConn, err error) {
+	cc := &ClientConn{
+		target: target,
+		csMgr:  &connectivityStateManager{},
+		conns:  make(map[*addrConn]struct{}),
+
+		blockingpicker: newPickerWrapper(),
+	}
+	cc.ctx, cc.cancel = context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+
+	for _, opt := range opts {
+		opt(&cc.dopts)
+	}
+
+	if channelz.IsOn() {
+		if cc.dopts.channelzParentID != 0 {
+			cc.channelzID = channelz.RegisterChannel(cc, cc.dopts.channelzParentID, target)
+		} else {
+			cc.channelzID = channelz.RegisterChannel(cc, 0, target)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !cc.dopts.insecure {
+		if cc.dopts.copts.TransportCredentials == nil {
+			return nil, errNoTransportSecurity
+		}
+	} else {
+		if cc.dopts.copts.TransportCredentials != nil {
+			return nil, errCredentialsConflict
+		}
+		for _, cd := range cc.dopts.copts.PerRPCCredentials {
+			if cd.RequireTransportSecurity() {
+				return nil, errTransportCredentialsMissing
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	cc.mkp = cc.dopts.copts.KeepaliveParams
+
+	if cc.dopts.copts.Dialer == nil {
+		cc.dopts.copts.Dialer = newProxyDialer(
+			func(ctx context.Context, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
+				network, addr := parseDialTarget(addr)
+				return dialContext(ctx, network, addr)
+			},
+		)
+	}
+
+	if cc.dopts.copts.UserAgent != "" {
+		cc.dopts.copts.UserAgent += " " + grpcUA
+	} else {
+		cc.dopts.copts.UserAgent = grpcUA
+	}
+
+	if cc.dopts.timeout > 0 {
+		var cancel context.CancelFunc
+		ctx, cancel = context.WithTimeout(ctx, cc.dopts.timeout)
+		defer cancel()
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			conn, err = nil, ctx.Err()
+		default:
+		}
+
+		if err != nil {
+			cc.Close()
+		}
+	}()
+
+	scSet := false
+	if cc.dopts.scChan != nil {
+		// Try to get an initial service config.
+		select {
+		case sc, ok := <-cc.dopts.scChan:
+			if ok {
+				cc.sc = sc
+				scSet = true
+			}
+		default:
+		}
+	}
+	if cc.dopts.bs == nil {
+		cc.dopts.bs = backoff.Exponential{
+			MaxDelay: DefaultBackoffConfig.MaxDelay,
+		}
+	}
+	if cc.dopts.resolverBuilder == nil {
+		// Only try to parse target when resolver builder is not already set.
+		cc.parsedTarget = parseTarget(cc.target)
+		grpclog.Infof("parsed scheme: %q", cc.parsedTarget.Scheme)
+		cc.dopts.resolverBuilder = resolver.Get(cc.parsedTarget.Scheme)
+		if cc.dopts.resolverBuilder == nil {
+			// If resolver builder is still nil, the parse target's scheme is
+			// not registered. Fallback to default resolver and set Endpoint to
+			// the original unparsed target.
+			grpclog.Infof("scheme %q not registered, fallback to default scheme", cc.parsedTarget.Scheme)
+			cc.parsedTarget = resolver.Target{
+				Scheme:   resolver.GetDefaultScheme(),
+				Endpoint: target,
+			}
+			cc.dopts.resolverBuilder = resolver.Get(cc.parsedTarget.Scheme)
+		}
+	} else {
+		cc.parsedTarget = resolver.Target{Endpoint: target}
+	}
+	creds := cc.dopts.copts.TransportCredentials
+	if creds != nil && creds.Info().ServerName != "" {
+		cc.authority = creds.Info().ServerName
+	} else if cc.dopts.insecure && cc.dopts.copts.Authority != "" {
+		cc.authority = cc.dopts.copts.Authority
+	} else {
+		// Use endpoint from "scheme://authority/endpoint" as the default
+		// authority for ClientConn.
+		cc.authority = cc.parsedTarget.Endpoint
+	}
+
+	if cc.dopts.scChan != nil && !scSet {
+		// Blocking wait for the initial service config.
+		select {
+		case sc, ok := <-cc.dopts.scChan:
+			if ok {
+				cc.sc = sc
+			}
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		}
+	}
+	if cc.dopts.scChan != nil {
+		go cc.scWatcher()
+	}
+
+	var credsClone credentials.TransportCredentials
+	if creds := cc.dopts.copts.TransportCredentials; creds != nil {
+		credsClone = creds.Clone()
+	}
+	cc.balancerBuildOpts = balancer.BuildOptions{
+		DialCreds:        credsClone,
+		Dialer:           cc.dopts.copts.Dialer,
+		ChannelzParentID: cc.channelzID,
+	}
+
+	// Build the resolver.
+	cc.resolverWrapper, err = newCCResolverWrapper(cc)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to build resolver: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Start the resolver wrapper goroutine after resolverWrapper is created.
+	//
+	// If the goroutine is started before resolverWrapper is ready, the
+	// following may happen: The goroutine sends updates to cc. cc forwards
+	// those to balancer. Balancer creates new addrConn. addrConn fails to
+	// connect, and calls resolveNow(). resolveNow() tries to use the non-ready
+	// resolverWrapper.
+	cc.resolverWrapper.start()
+
+	// A blocking dial blocks until the clientConn is ready.
+	if cc.dopts.block {
+		for {
+			s := cc.GetState()
+			if s == connectivity.Ready {
+				break
+			}
+			if !cc.WaitForStateChange(ctx, s) {
+				// ctx got timeout or canceled.
+				return nil, ctx.Err()
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return cc, nil
+}
+
+// connectivityStateManager keeps the connectivity.State of ClientConn.
+// This struct will eventually be exported so the balancers can access it.
+type connectivityStateManager struct {
+	mu         sync.Mutex
+	state      connectivity.State
+	notifyChan chan struct{}
+}
+
+// updateState updates the connectivity.State of ClientConn.
+// If there's a change it notifies goroutines waiting on state change to
+// happen.
+func (csm *connectivityStateManager) updateState(state connectivity.State) {
+	csm.mu.Lock()
+	defer csm.mu.Unlock()
+	if csm.state == connectivity.Shutdown {
+		return
+	}
+	if csm.state == state {
+		return
+	}
+	csm.state = state
+	if csm.notifyChan != nil {
+		// There are other goroutines waiting on this channel.
+		close(csm.notifyChan)
+		csm.notifyChan = nil
+	}
+}
+
+func (csm *connectivityStateManager) getState() connectivity.State {
+	csm.mu.Lock()
+	defer csm.mu.Unlock()
+	return csm.state
+}
+
+func (csm *connectivityStateManager) getNotifyChan() <-chan struct{} {
+	csm.mu.Lock()
+	defer csm.mu.Unlock()
+	if csm.notifyChan == nil {
+		csm.notifyChan = make(chan struct{})
+	}
+	return csm.notifyChan
+}
+
+// ClientConn represents a client connection to an RPC server.
+type ClientConn struct {
+	ctx    context.Context
+	cancel context.CancelFunc
+
+	target       string
+	parsedTarget resolver.Target
+	authority    string
+	dopts        dialOptions
+	csMgr        *connectivityStateManager
+
+	balancerBuildOpts balancer.BuildOptions
+	resolverWrapper   *ccResolverWrapper
+	blockingpicker    *pickerWrapper
+
+	mu    sync.RWMutex
+	sc    ServiceConfig
+	scRaw string
+	conns map[*addrConn]struct{}
+	// Keepalive parameter can be updated if a GoAway is received.
+	mkp             keepalive.ClientParameters
+	curBalancerName string
+	preBalancerName string // previous balancer name.
+	curAddresses    []resolver.Address
+	balancerWrapper *ccBalancerWrapper
+
+	channelzID          int64 // channelz unique identification number
+	czmu                sync.RWMutex
+	callsStarted        int64
+	callsSucceeded      int64
+	callsFailed         int64
+	lastCallStartedTime time.Time
+}
+
+// WaitForStateChange waits until the connectivity.State of ClientConn changes from sourceState or
+// ctx expires. A true value is returned in former case and false in latter.
+// This is an EXPERIMENTAL API.
+func (cc *ClientConn) WaitForStateChange(ctx context.Context, sourceState connectivity.State) bool {
+	ch := cc.csMgr.getNotifyChan()
+	if cc.csMgr.getState() != sourceState {
+		return true
+	}
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return false
+	case <-ch:
+		return true
+	}
+}
+
+// GetState returns the connectivity.State of ClientConn.
+// This is an EXPERIMENTAL API.
+func (cc *ClientConn) GetState() connectivity.State {
+	return cc.csMgr.getState()
+}
+
+func (cc *ClientConn) scWatcher() {
+	for {
+		select {
+		case sc, ok := <-cc.dopts.scChan:
+			if !ok {
+				return
+			}
+			cc.mu.Lock()
+			// TODO: load balance policy runtime change is ignored.
+			// We may revist this decision in the future.
+			cc.sc = sc
+			cc.scRaw = ""
+			cc.mu.Unlock()
+		case <-cc.ctx.Done():
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (cc *ClientConn) handleResolvedAddrs(addrs []resolver.Address, err error) {
+	cc.mu.Lock()
+	defer cc.mu.Unlock()
+	if cc.conns == nil {
+		// cc was closed.
+		return
+	}
+
+	if reflect.DeepEqual(cc.curAddresses, addrs) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	cc.curAddresses = addrs
+
+	if cc.dopts.balancerBuilder == nil {
+		// Only look at balancer types and switch balancer if balancer dial
+		// option is not set.
+		var isGRPCLB bool
+		for _, a := range addrs {
+			if a.Type == resolver.GRPCLB {
+				isGRPCLB = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		var newBalancerName string
+		if isGRPCLB {
+			newBalancerName = grpclbName
+		} else {
+			// Address list doesn't contain grpclb address. Try to pick a
+			// non-grpclb balancer.
+			newBalancerName = cc.curBalancerName
+			// If current balancer is grpclb, switch to the previous one.
+			if newBalancerName == grpclbName {
+				newBalancerName = cc.preBalancerName
+			}
+			// The following could be true in two cases:
+			// - the first time handling resolved addresses
+			//   (curBalancerName="")
+			// - the first time handling non-grpclb addresses
+			//   (curBalancerName="grpclb", preBalancerName="")
+			if newBalancerName == "" {
+				newBalancerName = PickFirstBalancerName
+			}
+		}
+		cc.switchBalancer(newBalancerName)
+	} else if cc.balancerWrapper == nil {
+		// Balancer dial option was set, and this is the first time handling
+		// resolved addresses. Build a balancer with dopts.balancerBuilder.
+		cc.balancerWrapper = newCCBalancerWrapper(cc, cc.dopts.balancerBuilder, cc.balancerBuildOpts)
+	}
+
+	cc.balancerWrapper.handleResolvedAddrs(addrs, nil)
+}
+
+// switchBalancer starts the switching from current balancer to the balancer
+// with the given name.
+//
+// It will NOT send the current address list to the new balancer. If needed,
+// caller of this function should send address list to the new balancer after
+// this function returns.
+//
+// Caller must hold cc.mu.
+func (cc *ClientConn) switchBalancer(name string) {
+	if cc.conns == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if strings.ToLower(cc.curBalancerName) == strings.ToLower(name) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	grpclog.Infof("ClientConn switching balancer to %q", name)
+	if cc.dopts.balancerBuilder != nil {
+		grpclog.Infoln("ignoring balancer switching: Balancer DialOption used instead")
+		return
+	}
+	// TODO(bar switching) change this to two steps: drain and close.
+	// Keep track of sc in wrapper.
+	if cc.balancerWrapper != nil {
+		cc.balancerWrapper.close()
+	}
+	// Clear all stickiness state.
+	cc.blockingpicker.clearStickinessState()
+
+	builder := balancer.Get(name)
+	if builder == nil {
+		grpclog.Infof("failed to get balancer builder for: %v, using pick_first instead", name)
+		builder = newPickfirstBuilder()
+	}
+	cc.preBalancerName = cc.curBalancerName
+	cc.curBalancerName = builder.Name()
+	cc.balancerWrapper = newCCBalancerWrapper(cc, builder, cc.balancerBuildOpts)
+}
+
+func (cc *ClientConn) handleSubConnStateChange(sc balancer.SubConn, s connectivity.State) {
+	cc.mu.Lock()
+	if cc.conns == nil {
+		cc.mu.Unlock()
+		return
+	}
+	// TODO(bar switching) send updates to all balancer wrappers when balancer
+	// gracefully switching is supported.
+	cc.balancerWrapper.handleSubConnStateChange(sc, s)
+	cc.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// newAddrConn creates an addrConn for addrs and adds it to cc.conns.
+//
+// Caller needs to make sure len(addrs) > 0.
+func (cc *ClientConn) newAddrConn(addrs []resolver.Address) (*addrConn, error) {
+	ac := &addrConn{
+		cc:    cc,
+		addrs: addrs,
+		dopts: cc.dopts,
+	}
+	ac.ctx, ac.cancel = context.WithCancel(cc.ctx)
+	// Track ac in cc. This needs to be done before any getTransport(...) is called.
+	cc.mu.Lock()
+	if cc.conns == nil {
+		cc.mu.Unlock()
+		return nil, ErrClientConnClosing
+	}
+	if channelz.IsOn() {
+		ac.channelzID = channelz.RegisterSubChannel(ac, cc.channelzID, "")
+	}
+	cc.conns[ac] = struct{}{}
+	cc.mu.Unlock()
+	return ac, nil
+}
+
+// removeAddrConn removes the addrConn in the subConn from clientConn.
+// It also tears down the ac with the given error.
+func (cc *ClientConn) removeAddrConn(ac *addrConn, err error) {
+	cc.mu.Lock()
+	if cc.conns == nil {
+		cc.mu.Unlock()
+		return
+	}
+	delete(cc.conns, ac)
+	cc.mu.Unlock()
+	ac.tearDown(err)
+}
+
+// ChannelzMetric returns ChannelInternalMetric of current ClientConn.
+// This is an EXPERIMENTAL API.
+func (cc *ClientConn) ChannelzMetric() *channelz.ChannelInternalMetric {
+	state := cc.GetState()
+	cc.czmu.RLock()
+	defer cc.czmu.RUnlock()
+	return &channelz.ChannelInternalMetric{
+		State:                    state,
+		Target:                   cc.target,
+		CallsStarted:             cc.callsStarted,
+		CallsSucceeded:           cc.callsSucceeded,
+		CallsFailed:              cc.callsFailed,
+		LastCallStartedTimestamp: cc.lastCallStartedTime,
+	}
+}
+
+func (cc *ClientConn) incrCallsStarted() {
+	cc.czmu.Lock()
+	cc.callsStarted++
+	// TODO(yuxuanli): will make this a time.Time pointer improve performance?
+	cc.lastCallStartedTime = time.Now()
+	cc.czmu.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (cc *ClientConn) incrCallsSucceeded() {
+	cc.czmu.Lock()
+	cc.callsSucceeded++
+	cc.czmu.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (cc *ClientConn) incrCallsFailed() {
+	cc.czmu.Lock()
+	cc.callsFailed++
+	cc.czmu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// connect starts to creating transport and also starts the transport monitor
+// goroutine for this ac.
+// It does nothing if the ac is not IDLE.
+// TODO(bar) Move this to the addrConn section.
+// This was part of resetAddrConn, keep it here to make the diff look clean.
+func (ac *addrConn) connect() error {
+	ac.mu.Lock()
+	if ac.state == connectivity.Shutdown {
+		ac.mu.Unlock()
+		return errConnClosing
+	}
+	if ac.state != connectivity.Idle {
+		ac.mu.Unlock()
+		return nil
+	}
+	ac.state = connectivity.Connecting
+	ac.cc.handleSubConnStateChange(ac.acbw, ac.state)
+	ac.mu.Unlock()
+
+	// Start a goroutine connecting to the server asynchronously.
+	go func() {
+		if err := ac.resetTransport(); err != nil {
+			grpclog.Warningf("Failed to dial %s: %v; please retry.", ac.addrs[0].Addr, err)
+			if err != errConnClosing {
+				// Keep this ac in cc.conns, to get the reason it's torn down.
+				ac.tearDown(err)
+			}
+			return
+		}
+		ac.transportMonitor()
+	}()
+	return nil
+}
+
+// tryUpdateAddrs tries to update ac.addrs with the new addresses list.
+//
+// It checks whether current connected address of ac is in the new addrs list.
+//  - If true, it updates ac.addrs and returns true. The ac will keep using
+//    the existing connection.
+//  - If false, it does nothing and returns false.
+func (ac *addrConn) tryUpdateAddrs(addrs []resolver.Address) bool {
+	ac.mu.Lock()
+	defer ac.mu.Unlock()
+	grpclog.Infof("addrConn: tryUpdateAddrs curAddr: %v, addrs: %v", ac.curAddr, addrs)
+	if ac.state == connectivity.Shutdown {
+		ac.addrs = addrs
+		return true
+	}
+
+	var curAddrFound bool
+	for _, a := range addrs {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(ac.curAddr, a) {
+			curAddrFound = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	grpclog.Infof("addrConn: tryUpdateAddrs curAddrFound: %v", curAddrFound)
+	if curAddrFound {
+		ac.addrs = addrs
+		ac.reconnectIdx = 0 // Start reconnecting from beginning in the new list.
+	}
+
+	return curAddrFound
+}
+
+// GetMethodConfig gets the method config of the input method.
+// If there's an exact match for input method (i.e. /service/method), we return
+// the corresponding MethodConfig.
+// If there isn't an exact match for the input method, we look for the default config
+// under the service (i.e /service/). If there is a default MethodConfig for
+// the service, we return it.
+// Otherwise, we return an empty MethodConfig.
+func (cc *ClientConn) GetMethodConfig(method string) MethodConfig {
+	// TODO: Avoid the locking here.
+	cc.mu.RLock()
+	defer cc.mu.RUnlock()
+	m, ok := cc.sc.Methods[method]
+	if !ok {
+		i := strings.LastIndex(method, "/")
+		m = cc.sc.Methods[method[:i+1]]
+	}
+	return m
+}
+
+func (cc *ClientConn) getTransport(ctx context.Context, failfast bool) (transport.ClientTransport, func(balancer.DoneInfo), error) {
+	t, done, err := cc.blockingpicker.pick(ctx, failfast, balancer.PickOptions{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, toRPCErr(err)
+	}
+	return t, done, nil
+}
+
+// handleServiceConfig parses the service config string in JSON format to Go native
+// struct ServiceConfig, and store both the struct and the JSON string in ClientConn.
+func (cc *ClientConn) handleServiceConfig(js string) error {
+	if cc.dopts.disableServiceConfig {
+		return nil
+	}
+	sc, err := parseServiceConfig(js)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	cc.mu.Lock()
+	cc.scRaw = js
+	cc.sc = sc
+	if sc.LB != nil && *sc.LB != grpclbName { // "grpclb" is not a valid balancer option in service config.
+		if cc.curBalancerName == grpclbName {
+			// If current balancer is grpclb, there's at least one grpclb
+			// balancer address in the resolved list. Don't switch the balancer,
+			// but change the previous balancer name, so if a new resolved
+			// address list doesn't contain grpclb address, balancer will be
+			// switched to *sc.LB.
+			cc.preBalancerName = *sc.LB
+		} else {
+			cc.switchBalancer(*sc.LB)
+			cc.balancerWrapper.handleResolvedAddrs(cc.curAddresses, nil)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if envConfigStickinessOn {
+		var newStickinessMDKey string
+		if sc.stickinessMetadataKey != nil && *sc.stickinessMetadataKey != "" {
+			newStickinessMDKey = *sc.stickinessMetadataKey
+		}
+		// newStickinessMDKey is "" if one of the following happens:
+		// - stickinessMetadataKey is set to ""
+		// - stickinessMetadataKey field doesn't exist in service config
+		cc.blockingpicker.updateStickinessMDKey(strings.ToLower(newStickinessMDKey))
+	}
+
+	cc.mu.Unlock()
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (cc *ClientConn) resolveNow(o resolver.ResolveNowOption) {
+	cc.mu.RLock()
+	r := cc.resolverWrapper
+	cc.mu.RUnlock()
+	if r == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	go r.resolveNow(o)
+}
+
+// Close tears down the ClientConn and all underlying connections.
+func (cc *ClientConn) Close() error {
+	defer cc.cancel()
+
+	cc.mu.Lock()
+	if cc.conns == nil {
+		cc.mu.Unlock()
+		return ErrClientConnClosing
+	}
+	conns := cc.conns
+	cc.conns = nil
+	cc.csMgr.updateState(connectivity.Shutdown)
+
+	rWrapper := cc.resolverWrapper
+	cc.resolverWrapper = nil
+	bWrapper := cc.balancerWrapper
+	cc.balancerWrapper = nil
+	cc.mu.Unlock()
+
+	cc.blockingpicker.close()
+
+	if rWrapper != nil {
+		rWrapper.close()
+	}
+	if bWrapper != nil {
+		bWrapper.close()
+	}
+
+	for ac := range conns {
+		ac.tearDown(ErrClientConnClosing)
+	}
+	if channelz.IsOn() {
+		channelz.RemoveEntry(cc.channelzID)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// addrConn is a network connection to a given address.
+type addrConn struct {
+	ctx    context.Context
+	cancel context.CancelFunc
+
+	cc     *ClientConn
+	addrs  []resolver.Address
+	dopts  dialOptions
+	events trace.EventLog
+	acbw   balancer.SubConn
+
+	mu           sync.Mutex
+	curAddr      resolver.Address
+	reconnectIdx int // The index in addrs list to start reconnecting from.
+	state        connectivity.State
+	// ready is closed and becomes nil when a new transport is up or failed
+	// due to timeout.
+	ready     chan struct{}
+	transport transport.ClientTransport
+
+	// The reason this addrConn is torn down.
+	tearDownErr error
+
+	connectRetryNum int
+	// backoffDeadline is the time until which resetTransport needs to
+	// wait before increasing connectRetryNum count.
+	backoffDeadline time.Time
+	// connectDeadline is the time by which all connection
+	// negotiations must complete.
+	connectDeadline time.Time
+
+	channelzID          int64 // channelz unique identification number
+	czmu                sync.RWMutex
+	callsStarted        int64
+	callsSucceeded      int64
+	callsFailed         int64
+	lastCallStartedTime time.Time
+}
+
+// adjustParams updates parameters used to create transports upon
+// receiving a GoAway.
+func (ac *addrConn) adjustParams(r transport.GoAwayReason) {
+	switch r {
+	case transport.GoAwayTooManyPings:
+		v := 2 * ac.dopts.copts.KeepaliveParams.Time
+		ac.cc.mu.Lock()
+		if v > ac.cc.mkp.Time {
+			ac.cc.mkp.Time = v
+		}
+		ac.cc.mu.Unlock()
+	}
+}
+
+// printf records an event in ac's event log, unless ac has been closed.
+// REQUIRES ac.mu is held.
+func (ac *addrConn) printf(format string, a ...interface{}) {
+	if ac.events != nil {
+		ac.events.Printf(format, a...)
+	}
+}
+
+// errorf records an error in ac's event log, unless ac has been closed.
+// REQUIRES ac.mu is held.
+func (ac *addrConn) errorf(format string, a ...interface{}) {
+	if ac.events != nil {
+		ac.events.Errorf(format, a...)
+	}
+}
+
+// resetTransport recreates a transport to the address for ac.  The old
+// transport will close itself on error or when the clientconn is closed.
+// The created transport must receive initial settings frame from the server.
+// In case that doesn't happen, transportMonitor will kill the newly created
+// transport after connectDeadline has expired.
+// In case there was an error on the transport before the settings frame was
+// received, resetTransport resumes connecting to backends after the one that
+// was previously connected to. In case end of the list is reached, resetTransport
+// backs off until the original deadline.
+// If the DialOption WithWaitForHandshake was set, resetTrasport returns
+// successfully only after server settings are received.
+//
+// TODO(bar) make sure all state transitions are valid.
+func (ac *addrConn) resetTransport() error {
+	ac.mu.Lock()
+	if ac.state == connectivity.Shutdown {
+		ac.mu.Unlock()
+		return errConnClosing
+	}
+	if ac.ready != nil {
+		close(ac.ready)
+		ac.ready = nil
+	}
+	ac.transport = nil
+	ridx := ac.reconnectIdx
+	ac.mu.Unlock()
+	ac.cc.mu.RLock()
+	ac.dopts.copts.KeepaliveParams = ac.cc.mkp
+	ac.cc.mu.RUnlock()
+	var backoffDeadline, connectDeadline time.Time
+	for connectRetryNum := 0; ; connectRetryNum++ {
+		ac.mu.Lock()
+		if ac.backoffDeadline.IsZero() {
+			// This means either a successful HTTP2 connection was established
+			// or this is the first time this addrConn is trying to establish a
+			// connection.
+			backoffFor := ac.dopts.bs.Backoff(connectRetryNum) // time.Duration.
+			// This will be the duration that dial gets to finish.
+			dialDuration := getMinConnectTimeout()
+			if backoffFor > dialDuration {
+				// Give dial more time as we keep failing to connect.
+				dialDuration = backoffFor
+			}
+			start := time.Now()
+			backoffDeadline = start.Add(backoffFor)
+			connectDeadline = start.Add(dialDuration)
+			ridx = 0 // Start connecting from the beginning.
+		} else {
+			// Continue trying to connect with the same deadlines.
+			connectRetryNum = ac.connectRetryNum
+			backoffDeadline = ac.backoffDeadline
+			connectDeadline = ac.connectDeadline
+			ac.backoffDeadline = time.Time{}
+			ac.connectDeadline = time.Time{}
+			ac.connectRetryNum = 0
+		}
+		if ac.state == connectivity.Shutdown {
+			ac.mu.Unlock()
+			return errConnClosing
+		}
+		ac.printf("connecting")
+		if ac.state != connectivity.Connecting {
+			ac.state = connectivity.Connecting
+			ac.cc.handleSubConnStateChange(ac.acbw, ac.state)
+		}
+		// copy ac.addrs in case of race
+		addrsIter := make([]resolver.Address, len(ac.addrs))
+		copy(addrsIter, ac.addrs)
+		copts := ac.dopts.copts
+		ac.mu.Unlock()
+		connected, err := ac.createTransport(connectRetryNum, ridx, backoffDeadline, connectDeadline, addrsIter, copts)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if connected {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// createTransport creates a connection to one of the backends in addrs.
+// It returns true if a connection was established.
+func (ac *addrConn) createTransport(connectRetryNum, ridx int, backoffDeadline, connectDeadline time.Time, addrs []resolver.Address, copts transport.ConnectOptions) (bool, error) {
+	for i := ridx; i < len(addrs); i++ {
+		addr := addrs[i]
+		target := transport.TargetInfo{
+			Addr:      addr.Addr,
+			Metadata:  addr.Metadata,
+			Authority: ac.cc.authority,
+		}
+		done := make(chan struct{})
+		onPrefaceReceipt := func() {
+			ac.mu.Lock()
+			close(done)
+			if !ac.backoffDeadline.IsZero() {
+				// If we haven't already started reconnecting to
+				// other backends.
+				// Note, this can happen when writer notices an error
+				// and triggers resetTransport while at the same time
+				// reader receives the preface and invokes this closure.
+				ac.backoffDeadline = time.Time{}
+				ac.connectDeadline = time.Time{}
+				ac.connectRetryNum = 0
+			}
+			ac.mu.Unlock()
+		}
+		// Do not cancel in the success path because of
+		// this issue in Go1.6: https://github.com/golang/go/issues/15078.
+		connectCtx, cancel := context.WithDeadline(ac.ctx, connectDeadline)
+		if channelz.IsOn() {
+			copts.ChannelzParentID = ac.channelzID
+		}
+		newTr, err := transport.NewClientTransport(connectCtx, ac.cc.ctx, target, copts, onPrefaceReceipt)
+		if err != nil {
+			cancel()
+			ac.cc.blockingpicker.updateConnectionError(err)
+			ac.mu.Lock()
+			if ac.state == connectivity.Shutdown {
+				// ac.tearDown(...) has been invoked.
+				ac.mu.Unlock()
+				return false, errConnClosing
+			}
+			ac.mu.Unlock()
+			grpclog.Warningf("grpc: addrConn.createTransport failed to connect to %v. Err :%v. Reconnecting...", addr, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		if ac.dopts.waitForHandshake {
+			select {
+			case <-done:
+			case <-connectCtx.Done():
+				// Didn't receive server preface, must kill this new transport now.
+				grpclog.Warningf("grpc: addrConn.createTransport failed to receive server preface before deadline.")
+				newTr.Close()
+				break
+			case <-ac.ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+		ac.mu.Lock()
+		if ac.state == connectivity.Shutdown {
+			ac.mu.Unlock()
+			// ac.tearDonn(...) has been invoked.
+			newTr.Close()
+			return false, errConnClosing
+		}
+		ac.printf("ready")
+		ac.state = connectivity.Ready
+		ac.cc.handleSubConnStateChange(ac.acbw, ac.state)
+		ac.transport = newTr
+		ac.curAddr = addr
+		if ac.ready != nil {
+			close(ac.ready)
+			ac.ready = nil
+		}
+		select {
+		case <-done:
+			// If the server has responded back with preface already,
+			// don't set the reconnect parameters.
+		default:
+			ac.connectRetryNum = connectRetryNum
+			ac.backoffDeadline = backoffDeadline
+			ac.connectDeadline = connectDeadline
+			ac.reconnectIdx = i + 1 // Start reconnecting from the next backend in the list.
+		}
+		ac.mu.Unlock()
+		return true, nil
+	}
+	ac.mu.Lock()
+	if ac.state == connectivity.Shutdown {
+		ac.mu.Unlock()
+		return false, errConnClosing
+	}
+	ac.state = connectivity.TransientFailure
+	ac.cc.handleSubConnStateChange(ac.acbw, ac.state)
+	ac.cc.resolveNow(resolver.ResolveNowOption{})
+	if ac.ready != nil {
+		close(ac.ready)
+		ac.ready = nil
+	}
+	ac.mu.Unlock()
+	timer := time.NewTimer(backoffDeadline.Sub(time.Now()))
+	select {
+	case <-timer.C:
+	case <-ac.ctx.Done():
+		timer.Stop()
+		return false, ac.ctx.Err()
+	}
+	return false, nil
+}
+
+// Run in a goroutine to track the error in transport and create the
+// new transport if an error happens. It returns when the channel is closing.
+func (ac *addrConn) transportMonitor() {
+	for {
+		var timer *time.Timer
+		var cdeadline <-chan time.Time
+		ac.mu.Lock()
+		t := ac.transport
+		if !ac.connectDeadline.IsZero() {
+			timer = time.NewTimer(ac.connectDeadline.Sub(time.Now()))
+			cdeadline = timer.C
+		}
+		ac.mu.Unlock()
+		// Block until we receive a goaway or an error occurs.
+		select {
+		case <-t.GoAway():
+			done := t.Error()
+			cleanup := t.Close
+			// Since this transport will be orphaned (won't have a transportMonitor)
+			// we need to launch a goroutine to keep track of clientConn.Close()
+			// happening since it might not be noticed by any other goroutine for a while.
+			go func() {
+				<-done
+				cleanup()
+			}()
+		case <-t.Error():
+			// In case this is triggered because clientConn.Close()
+			// was called, we want to immeditately close the transport
+			// since no other goroutine might notice it for a while.
+			t.Close()
+		case <-cdeadline:
+			ac.mu.Lock()
+			// This implies that client received server preface.
+			if ac.backoffDeadline.IsZero() {
+				ac.mu.Unlock()
+				continue
+			}
+			ac.mu.Unlock()
+			timer = nil
+			// No server preface received until deadline.
+			// Kill the connection.
+			grpclog.Warningf("grpc: addrConn.transportMonitor didn't get server preface after waiting. Closing the new transport now.")
+			t.Close()
+		}
+		if timer != nil {
+			timer.Stop()
+		}
+		// If a GoAway happened, regardless of error, adjust our keepalive
+		// parameters as appropriate.
+		select {
+		case <-t.GoAway():
+			ac.adjustParams(t.GetGoAwayReason())
+		default:
+		}
+		ac.mu.Lock()
+		if ac.state == connectivity.Shutdown {
+			ac.mu.Unlock()
+			return
+		}
+		// Set connectivity state to TransientFailure before calling
+		// resetTransport. Transition READY->CONNECTING is not valid.
+		ac.state = connectivity.TransientFailure
+		ac.cc.handleSubConnStateChange(ac.acbw, ac.state)
+		ac.cc.resolveNow(resolver.ResolveNowOption{})
+		ac.curAddr = resolver.Address{}
+		ac.mu.Unlock()
+		if err := ac.resetTransport(); err != nil {
+			ac.mu.Lock()
+			ac.printf("transport exiting: %v", err)
+			ac.mu.Unlock()
+			grpclog.Warningf("grpc: addrConn.transportMonitor exits due to: %v", err)
+			if err != errConnClosing {
+				// Keep this ac in cc.conns, to get the reason it's torn down.
+				ac.tearDown(err)
+			}
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// wait blocks until i) the new transport is up or ii) ctx is done or iii) ac is closed or
+// iv) transport is in connectivity.TransientFailure and there is a balancer/failfast is true.
+func (ac *addrConn) wait(ctx context.Context, hasBalancer, failfast bool) (transport.ClientTransport, error) {
+	for {
+		ac.mu.Lock()
+		switch {
+		case ac.state == connectivity.Shutdown:
+			if failfast || !hasBalancer {
+				// RPC is failfast or balancer is nil. This RPC should fail with ac.tearDownErr.
+				err := ac.tearDownErr
+				ac.mu.Unlock()
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			ac.mu.Unlock()
+			return nil, errConnClosing
+		case ac.state == connectivity.Ready:
+			ct := ac.transport
+			ac.mu.Unlock()
+			return ct, nil
+		case ac.state == connectivity.TransientFailure:
+			if failfast || hasBalancer {
+				ac.mu.Unlock()
+				return nil, errConnUnavailable
+			}
+		}
+		ready := ac.ready
+		if ready == nil {
+			ready = make(chan struct{})
+			ac.ready = ready
+		}
+		ac.mu.Unlock()
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, toRPCErr(ctx.Err())
+		// Wait until the new transport is ready or failed.
+		case <-ready:
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// getReadyTransport returns the transport if ac's state is READY.
+// Otherwise it returns nil, false.
+// If ac's state is IDLE, it will trigger ac to connect.
+func (ac *addrConn) getReadyTransport() (transport.ClientTransport, bool) {
+	ac.mu.Lock()
+	if ac.state == connectivity.Ready {
+		t := ac.transport
+		ac.mu.Unlock()
+		return t, true
+	}
+	var idle bool
+	if ac.state == connectivity.Idle {
+		idle = true
+	}
+	ac.mu.Unlock()
+	// Trigger idle ac to connect.
+	if idle {
+		ac.connect()
+	}
+	return nil, false
+}
+
+// tearDown starts to tear down the addrConn.
+// TODO(zhaoq): Make this synchronous to avoid unbounded memory consumption in
+// some edge cases (e.g., the caller opens and closes many addrConn's in a
+// tight loop.
+// tearDown doesn't remove ac from ac.cc.conns.
+func (ac *addrConn) tearDown(err error) {
+	ac.cancel()
+	ac.mu.Lock()
+	defer ac.mu.Unlock()
+	if ac.state == connectivity.Shutdown {
+		return
+	}
+	ac.curAddr = resolver.Address{}
+	if err == errConnDrain && ac.transport != nil {
+		// GracefulClose(...) may be executed multiple times when
+		// i) receiving multiple GoAway frames from the server; or
+		// ii) there are concurrent name resolver/Balancer triggered
+		// address removal and GoAway.
+		ac.transport.GracefulClose()
+	}
+	ac.state = connectivity.Shutdown
+	ac.tearDownErr = err
+	ac.cc.handleSubConnStateChange(ac.acbw, ac.state)
+	if ac.events != nil {
+		ac.events.Finish()
+		ac.events = nil
+	}
+	if ac.ready != nil {
+		close(ac.ready)
+		ac.ready = nil
+	}
+	if channelz.IsOn() {
+		channelz.RemoveEntry(ac.channelzID)
+	}
+}
+
+func (ac *addrConn) getState() connectivity.State {
+	ac.mu.Lock()
+	defer ac.mu.Unlock()
+	return ac.state
+}
+
+func (ac *addrConn) getCurAddr() (ret resolver.Address) {
+	ac.mu.Lock()
+	ret = ac.curAddr
+	ac.mu.Unlock()
+	return
+}
+
+func (ac *addrConn) ChannelzMetric() *channelz.ChannelInternalMetric {
+	ac.mu.Lock()
+	addr := ac.curAddr.Addr
+	ac.mu.Unlock()
+	state := ac.getState()
+	ac.czmu.RLock()
+	defer ac.czmu.RUnlock()
+	return &channelz.ChannelInternalMetric{
+		State:                    state,
+		Target:                   addr,
+		CallsStarted:             ac.callsStarted,
+		CallsSucceeded:           ac.callsSucceeded,
+		CallsFailed:              ac.callsFailed,
+		LastCallStartedTimestamp: ac.lastCallStartedTime,
+	}
+}
+
+func (ac *addrConn) incrCallsStarted() {
+	ac.czmu.Lock()
+	ac.callsStarted++
+	ac.lastCallStartedTime = time.Now()
+	ac.czmu.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (ac *addrConn) incrCallsSucceeded() {
+	ac.czmu.Lock()
+	ac.callsSucceeded++
+	ac.czmu.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (ac *addrConn) incrCallsFailed() {
+	ac.czmu.Lock()
+	ac.callsFailed++
+	ac.czmu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// ErrClientConnTimeout indicates that the ClientConn cannot establish the
+// underlying connections within the specified timeout.
+//
+// Deprecated: This error is never returned by grpc and should not be
+// referenced by users.
+var ErrClientConnTimeout = errors.New("grpc: timed out when dialing")